The incidence rate of spinal cord injury(SCI) is increasing year by year. A series of functional neurological disorders and high nursing costs caused by SCI can seriously affect the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients with SCI. At present, with in-depth research on the cellular, molecular mechanisms, and histological events after SCI, we have gained a full understanding of the mechanism of SCI. However, a series of complications after SCI have not been completely improved, and patients urgently need safer and more effective ways to further promote functional recovery after injury.Spinal cord electrical stimulation(SCS) was first applied to pain management after SCI. By adjusting the parameters of a programmable controller, it can effectively cover various types of pain after SCI. It is a major treatment measure used to alleviate chronic pain. Currently, emerging stimulation modes such as high-frequency stimulation have been widely used in clinical work, achieving more effective analgesic effects for the treatment of chronic pain by SCS; In addition to research on pain management, SCS can also improve motor function after SCI, even in the most challenging area of SCI, which is complete SCI, it can promote the reconstruction of motor function; In addition, neurogenic bladder and neurogenic intestinal dysfunction are the most common complications after SCI, which can have a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. SCS can also effectively improve the function of the patient's sphincter and promote improvement in bowel and bowel function. As a safe and effective treatment measure, SCS has been applied in frontline clinical work and has achieved remarkable results in the field of SCI. However, there is still no definite conclusion on the application of SCS in patients with high-level SCI and its mechanism of promoting functional recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to review previous relevant literature research. Through the review of the above relevant literature, I hope to provide new ideas for further research on SCS, which can provide certain guiding significance for future clinical work.